Título principal
Filamentos de PVA/TPE para FFF [recurso eletrônico] : desenvolvimento de peças porosas revestidas com polianilina para aplicações eletro-resposivas / Danay Manzo Jaime ; orientador, Guilherme Mariz de Oliveira Barra ; coorientador, Leonardo Santana ; coorientadora, Claudia Merlini
Data de publicação
2024
Descrição física
212 p. : il.
Nota
Disponível somente em versão on-line.
Tese (doutorado) – Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro Tecnológico, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência e Engenharia de Materiais, Florianópolis, 2024.
Inclui referências.
Filamentos de PVA/TPE para FFF [recurso eletrônico] : desenvolvimento de peças porosas revestidas com polianilina para aplicações eletro-resposivas / Danay Manzo Jaime ; orientador, Guilherme Mariz de Oliveira Barra ; coorientador, Leonardo Santana ; coorientadora, Claudia Merlini
Data de publicação
2024
Descrição física
212 p. : il.
Nota
Disponível somente em versão on-line.
Tese (doutorado) – Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro Tecnológico, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência e Engenharia de Materiais, Florianópolis, 2024.
Inclui referências.
Abstract: Additive Manufacturing by Extrusion plays a crucial role in the current technological revolution, bringing a host of benefits that impact various fields, from industry to medicine. Its relevance lies in the ability to produce three-dimensional objects quickly, customarily, and affordably. The effective implementation of this technology depends on understanding the materials to be used. Many 3D extrusion printers use the "open-material" concept, meaning they can operate with different materials from different types and suppliers. This variety of raw materials can be a significant challenge in process parameterization but also a great opportunity for innovation in product development for end use. Recently, there has been a rise in partially soluble filaments (Poro-Lay® family) to produce printed porous media for specialist applications, mainly in the medical field. In this context, there was an opportunity to use these porous 3D objects as electro-responsive elements, combining 3D Printing with partially soluble filaments and coating with conductive polymers such as polyaniline (PANI). This strategy expands the range of filament applications, allowing, for example, the development of chemical sensors and shields for electromagnetic shielding. The present research was divided into three stages. In the first part, the commercial Gel-Lay® filament was characterized through Thermogravimetric Analysis, Infrared Spectroscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy, Differential Scanning Calorimetry, and Dynamic-Mechanical Analysis. From the analyses, it was observed that the filament was composed of Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) and a thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) of the amide type. The PVA extraction process in printed parts was also explored using three different methodologies, aiming to identify the most effective approach for extracting the soluble part. In the second stage, printed parts were characterized after PVA extraction and after coating with PANI. PANI was applied as a coating through in situ oxidative polymerization. The characterizations of this stage included Computed Tomography (MicroCT), rheology, mass study, and electrical conductivity. The parts showed a considerable increase in porosity after extraction, maintaining a reproducible porous structure, while samples coated with PANI exhibited electrical conductivity values between 0.39 and 6.79 S/cm. In the third and final stage, the application of coated porous parts for electromagnetic shielding and ammonia gas (NH3) detection was studied. Shielding was evaluated in 100% filled samples and Honeycomb (HC) structure in three conditions: printed, after PVA extraction, and after PANI coating. It was found that the HC model showed the best reflection loss (RL) values below -20 dB for the sample after PVA extraction. In the context of sensory devices, eight parametric combinations of 3D Printing defined by the Taguchi method were investigated, showing that the thickness and filling percentage of the parts were the most significant factors for sensor sensitivity. These significant parameters were varied in a final study, along with the PANI concentration. All prototypes evaluated demonstrated sensitivity to NH3, with those of lesser thickness, lower filling percentage, and lower PANI concentration showing higher sensitivity to NH3 due to better gas diffusion.