The reconstruction of the summit in Brazilian under-democracy concept and evolution in a systemic approach
Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Direito
Daniel Rocha Chaves ; orientador, Luiz Henrique Urquhart Cademartori
Reconstruction of the summit in Brazilian under-democracy concept and evolution in a systemic approach
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##$a BR-FlWIK $b por $c BR-FlWIK $d BR-FlUSC
14$a The reconstruction of the summit in Brazilian under-democracy $h [recurso eletrônico] : $b concept and evolution in a systemic approach / $c Daniel Rocha Chaves ; orientador, Luiz Henrique Urquhart Cademartori
##$a Disponível somente em versão on-line.
##$a Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências Jurídicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Direito, Florianópolis, 2022.
8#$a Abstract: Understanding the ideas of democracy in modernity means understanding the social formation of modernity itself. Several descriptive forms have been elaborated to comprehend the processes of formation, consolidation, and erosion of democracy, but always following minimalist criteria or incurring a dichotomy between autocracy and democracy. The present thesis is based on the idea that the forms of evaluation and classification of political regimes suffer from analytical deficits that do not take into account the structural asymmetries of world society. Thus, making use of the theory of social systems developed by Niklas Luhmann, as well as authors who work in the same framework, the concept of under-democracy was developed throughout this research as a distortion of the secondary codification that the legal system makes on the political, as a result of allopoietic influxes in the mentioned systems. Attending the spatial delimitation to the Brazilian case and the temporal scope of what is called the Trump Effect, the first chapter tried to discuss the systems of law and politics under the prism of systems theory, identifying some operational concepts necessary for a better understanding of the theory, as well as introducing the idea of modernity and world society, culminating in the understanding of democracy in that theoretical reference. In the second chapter, we worked on the development of the concept of democracy along its course throughout history, making a differentiation between how democracy was seen by the Greeks and by the moderns (especially in the context of the French Revolution and the Independence of the 13 Colonies). After this, the unfolding of democracy in modernity was introduced, in such a way that it was verified that democracy started to guide predominantly the structure of the political system, as well as its evolutionary acquisitions. Next, the idea of democracy in its peripheral modernity was worked on, and how it acts differently from what is seen in the center of world society. Moreover, it is shown how populism, which has been gaining strength in recent years, acts as a form of implosion of the mechanisms of circulation and countercirculation of power, leading to the reconfiguration of the political system, which is no longer guided by the criteria of government/opposition and starts to be guided by the friend/enemy code, and how this can have more serious consequences, such as the state of exception and authoritarianism. The last chapter works more directly with the proposal of under-democracy, contrasting it with other forms of classification of political regimes (hybrid regimes, pseudodemocracy, semi-democracy, and anocracy). Through factual analysis, focusing on the Brazilian case, it was verified that the hypothesis of under-democracy as a distortion in the secondary codification is more viable for the observation of countries inserted in a context of peripheral modernity.
##$a Compreender as ideias de democracia na modernidade significa compreender a formação social da própria modernidade. Várias foram as formas descritivas que foram sendo elaboradas para compreender os processos de formação, consolidação e erosão da democracia, mas sempre atendo-se a critérios minimalistas ou incorrendo em uma dicotomia entre autocracia e democracia. A presente tese parte da ideia de que as formas de avaliação e classificação dos regimes políticos padecem de déficits analíticos que não levam em conta as assimetrias estruturais da sociedade mundial. Desta feita, fazendo-se valer da teoria dos sistemas sociais desenvolvida por Niklas Luhmann, bem como de autores que trabalham no mesmo framework, foi-se desenvolvido ao longo desta pesquisa o conceito de subdemocracia como deturpação na codificação secundária que o sistema jurídico faz sobre o político, como fruto de influxos alopoiéticos nos referidos sistemas. Atendo-se à delimitação espacial ao caso Brasileiro e o recorte temporal aquilo que se chama de Efeito Trump, no primeiro capítulo procurou-se discorrer acerca dos sistemas do direito e da política sob o prisma da teoria dos sistemas, identificando alguns conceitos operacionais necessários para melhor compreensão da teoria, bem como introduzir a ideia de modernidade e sociedade mundial, culminando na compreensão de democracia no referido referencial teórico. No segundo capítulo foi trabalhado o desenvolvimento do conceito de democracia ao longo do seu percurso ao longo da história, fazendo uma diferenciação entre como a democracia era vista pelos gregos e pelos modernos (especialmente no contexto da Revolução Francesa e Independência das 13 Colônias). Isto posto, adentrou-se nos desdobramentos da democracia na modernidade, de modo que foi verificado que ela passou a orientar de forma preponderante a estrutura do sistema político, bem como suas aquisições evolutivas. Em seguida se trabalha com a ideia de democracia na modernidade periférica e como ela atua de forma diversa do que se vislumbra no centro da sociedade mundial. Ademais, mostrou-se como o populismo, que vem ganhando força nos últimos anos, atua como forma de implosão dos mecanismos de circulação e contra-circulação de poder, acarretando a reconfiguração do sistema político, que deixa de se guiar pelos critérios de governo/oposição e passa a orientar-se pelo código amigo/inimigo, e como isso pode ter consequências mais graves, como o estado de exceção e autoritarismo. O último capítulo trabalha mais diretamente com a proposta de subdemocracia, contrastando com outras formas de classificação de regimes políticos (regimes híbridos, pseudodemocracia, semidemocracia e anocracia). Por meio de análise fática, atendo-se ao caso brasileiro, verificou-se que a hipótese da subdemocracia como deturpação na codificação secundária é mais viável para a observação dos países inseridos em um contexto de modernidade periférica.
1#$a Cademartori, Luiz Henrique Urquhart, $e orientador
40$z Versão integral em pdf $u https://bu.ufsc.br/teses/PDPC1620-T.pdf
2#$a Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina. $b Programa de Pós-Graduação em Direito