Título principal
Reações bio-ortogonais de clivagem de ligações C-O e C-C mediadas por paládio [ recurso eletrônico ] : expandindo as estratégias da biologia química para o tratamento do câncer / Gean Michel Dal Forno ; orientador, Josiel Barbosa Domingos
Data de publicação
2024
Descrição física
172 p. : il. gráfs.
Nota
Disponível somente em versão on-line.
Tese (doutorado) – Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências Físicas e Matemáticas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química, Florianópolis, 2024.
Inclui referências.
Reações bio-ortogonais de clivagem de ligações C-O e C-C mediadas por paládio [ recurso eletrônico ] : expandindo as estratégias da biologia química para o tratamento do câncer / Gean Michel Dal Forno ; orientador, Josiel Barbosa Domingos
Data de publicação
2024
Descrição física
172 p. : il. gráfs.
Nota
Disponível somente em versão on-line.
Tese (doutorado) – Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências Físicas e Matemáticas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química, Florianópolis, 2024.
Inclui referências.
Assunto
Química
Clivagem
Desalenilação
Despropargilação
Ativação de pró-fármacos
Responsabilidade
Forno, Gean Michel Dal
Domingos, Josiel Barbosa
Idioma
Português
Química
Clivagem
Desalenilação
Despropargilação
Ativação de pró-fármacos
Responsabilidade
Forno, Gean Michel Dal
Domingos, Josiel Barbosa
Idioma
Português
Abstract: Cleavage of chemical bonds mediated by transition metals is a promising approach for activation of chemotherapeutic prodrugs under biological conditions. The present work aimed to contribute to the development of palladium-mediated dissociative bio-orthogonal cleavage reactions. This study comprises the kinetic and mechanistic investigation of palladium-mediated C-O and C-C cleavage reactions and the development of new prodrugs for the treatment of cancer. Initially, the cleavage kinetics of the C-O bond of protected coumarins in the form of propargyl or allenyl ethers mediated by the addition of Pd(II) complexes were determined. The reactions were carried out under biologically relevant conditions and under kinetic monitoring by the UV/visible spectroscopy technique. It was observed that the allenyl group is more reactive than the propargyl group, being the allenyl group more suitable for biological applications. For reactions mediated by the Pd2Allyl2Cl2 complex, it was observed that the chloride concentration in the reaction medium affects the cleavage rate. Considering that the rate of the dealenylation reaction increases with the decrease of chloride ions concentration in the medium, it was possible to determine that the monomeric specie PdAllyl(H2O)2 is the more active in the reaction, this specie is in equilibrium with other less active species. Extrapolating to biological conditions, the cleavage reactions mediated by the Pd2Allyl2Cl2 complex must happen selectively in the intracellular space, since it has a lower concentration of chloride, compared to the extracellular medium. Through kinetic studies, redox/poisoning experiments and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, it was possible propose that the mechanism of O-dealenylation reaction is mediated mainly by PdAllyl(H2O)2, where the rate-determining step would be the hydration of the allene group. From these studies a new allenyl prodrug of the anticancer drug Doxorubicin was synthesized. To study the new C-C cleavage reactions of the ortho-quinone β-Lapachone, new α-hydroxyketones containing the propargyl and allylic protecting groups were synthesized. β-Lapachona is an anticancer natural product found in Ipê Roxo (Handroanthus impetiginosus), a tree abundant in Brazilian soil. The new C-C cleavage reactions were optimized under physiologically relevant conditions, using liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. The results showed that the propargylic group is more reactive with Pd(II) species. It was also observed that cleavage is more effective by palladium (II) iodide nanoparticles. Through computational calculations it was possible to propose a mechanism mediated by Pd(II) for the new depropargylation reaction, which follows through hydration of the triple bond. The novel β-Lapachone activation strategy was evaluated in breast cancer and acute myelogenous leukemia cells lines. Although the literature describes cleavages of C-N and C-O bonds, it is the first time that the cleavage of C- C bonds of propargyl or allyl groups mediated by transition metals in a biological environment are described. The new C-C cleavage methodology expands the possibility of activating β-Lapachone in a spatially controlled manner, decreasing its systemic side effects and expanding its application in cancer treatment.