Título principal
Uma abordagem ao conceito de economia circular utilizando rizomas de gengibre (zingiber officinale roscoe) para a produção de biomateriais ativos = an approach to the concept of circular economy using ginger rhizomes (zingiber officinale roscoe) for the production of active biomaterials [recurso eletrônico] / Raul Remor Dalsasso ; orientadora, Alcilene Rodrigues Monteiro Fritz ; coorientador, Germán Ayala Valencia
Data de publicação
2024
Descrição física
248 p. : il.
Nota
Disponível somente em versão on-line.
Tese (doutorado) – Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro Tecnológico, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia de Alimentos, Florianópolis, 2024.
Inclui referências.
Uma abordagem ao conceito de economia circular utilizando rizomas de gengibre (zingiber officinale roscoe) para a produção de biomateriais ativos = an approach to the concept of circular economy using ginger rhizomes (zingiber officinale roscoe) for the production of active biomaterials [recurso eletrônico] / Raul Remor Dalsasso ; orientadora, Alcilene Rodrigues Monteiro Fritz ; coorientador, Germán Ayala Valencia
Data de publicação
2024
Descrição física
248 p. : il.
Nota
Disponível somente em versão on-line.
Tese (doutorado) – Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro Tecnológico, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia de Alimentos, Florianópolis, 2024.
Inclui referências.
Abstract: The replacement of fossil-based packaging with eco-friendly alternatives has become a priority, and the use of biopolymers incorporated with bioactive compounds is one such alternative. Ginger extracts are antimicrobial and antioxidant and can act as food preservatives. However, their production generates up to 95% solid residue (GRes), which contains starch, fibers, and active compounds that can be used to create active biomaterials for food packaging, contributing to a circular bioeconomy. This study aimed to fully utilize the ginger rhizome to produce active biomaterials from its oleoresin (GO) or by-product (GRes) for food applications, using cheese as a model food. The study stages were: 1) optimized extraction of oleoresin rich in gingerol and shogaol through vacuum microwave drying (100 mbar, power density 5.25 W/g) followed by ultrasonic extraction (frequency 20 kHz, power 330 W); 1.2) characterization of phenolic content and antioxidant activity; 2) the extract by-product (GRes) was characterized for its chemical composition, phenolic content, and antioxidant activity; 2.1) films were produced from GRes blended with gelatin (4, 1.5, and 1 g.GRes/g gelatin, or F1, F2, and F3, respectively); 3) a nanoemulsion was obtained from the oleoresin and characterized for its stability and incorporation into gelatin films (1.50 and 0.75 g.GO/g gelatin). Films from stages 2 and 3 were applied as separators for sliced cheese. In stage 1, GO exhibited a phenolic content of 387.6 mg.GAE/g and antioxidant activity of 2100.7 mmol.Trolox/mL, increases of 87% and 209%, respectively, compared to conventional methods, due to better preservation of phenolics and formation of 6-shogaol during drying. The main components of GO were phenolics (6-gingerol, 6-shogaol, zingerone) and sesquiterpenes (α-zingiberene, αfarnesene, β-sesquiphellandrene). For GRes (stage 2), the main components were 6- shogaol, 6-paradol, and α-curcumene, producing films with antioxidant activity (10.2- 10.6 mmol.Trolox/g) and UV radiation blockers. GRes-gelatin films (F2 and F3) formed homogeneous matrices with suitable mechanical properties for food packaging (tensile strength 7.2-11.6 MPa, elongation 1.18-1.81%). As a slice separator for mozzarella, F2 (containing 1.5% gelatin) delayed fungal growth and pH decrease over 7 days. In stage 3, the nanoemulsion exhibited antimicrobial activity (S. aureus and E. coli), a zeta potential of -18 mV, and a particle size of 105 nm, remaining stable for 56 days at 4°C or 20°C, while the conventional emulsion (particle size 594 nm, zeta potential 0.5 mV) precipitated in 7 days. When incorporated into gelatin films, the nanoemulsion reduced tensile strength (35-20 MPa) and increased elongation (31%-71%). The films demonstrated high transparency, UV radiation, CO2 and O2 barrier, and low water vapor permeability. The release of GO into the food was controlled for at least 56 days (diffusivity 1.3-1.6 x10-15 m2 /s), increasing antioxidant activity (624 mg.Trolox/mL) and delaying fungal incidence in refrigerated sliced mozzarella from 28 to 42 days. It is concluded that ginger oleoresin and residue possess biological properties capable of preserving foods with intermediate moisture and fat content, such as cheese.